datalab
Key Figures on Climate
France, Europe and Worldwide
2025 edition
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French overview of greenhouse gases

GHG emissions in France in 2024 (provisional estimate)

In Mt CO2 eq

Source

Years

CO2

CH4

N2O

Fluorinated gases

Total

Energy industry

1990

70.4

7.5

0.4

0.5

78.9

2024

32.1

0.8

0.2

0.2

33.2

Manufacturing industry and construction

1990

107.6

0.5

21.8

10.5

140.3

2024

59.0

0.3

1.2

2.1

62.4

Transport

1990

122.7

1.1

0.8

0.0

124.7

2024

121.8

0.2

1.1

1.9

124.9

Use of residential/services buildings and activities

1990

85.7

6.4

0.8

0.1

93.0

2024

47.9

3.6

0.6

4.9

57.1

Agriculture/forestry

1990

11.7

53.7

27.7

0.0

93.1

2024

11.5

42.5

21.9

0.0

76.0

Centralized waste treatment

1990

1.8

12.6

2.2

0.0

16.7

2024

1.1

12.5

2.1

0.0

15.7

Total excluding LULUCF

1990

399.8

81.9

53.7

11.2

546.6

2024

273.3

59.8

27.0

9.0

369.2

LULUCF

1990

-25.1

0.6

2.1

0.0

-22.4

2024

-38.9

0.7

0.8

0.0

-37.4

Transport - not included in total

1990

16.1

0.0

0.1

0.0

16.3

2024

21.2

0.0

0.2

0.0

21.3

Natural emissions - not included in total

1990

0.0

3.2

0.0

0.0

3.2

2024

0.0

3.9

0.0

0.0

3.9

Total

1990

374.7

82.5

55.8

11.2

524.2

2024

234.4

60.5

27.8

9.0

331.8

Note: the data used in this section are presented in Secten format, which offers a detailed sectoral breakdown and enables national objectives to be monitored, in particular in the national low-carbon strategy (SNBC). It also provides more recent estimated data than official reporting formats such as the UNFCCC. For more details on inventory formats, see appendices. The 2024 data from Citepa is therefore a preliminary estimate. For certain sectors such as waste or LULUCF, the previous year's value is used.
Transport - not included in total: emissions from sea, river and international air transport.
Natural emissions - not included in total: natural emissions of non-anthropogenic origin (volcanism, lightning, etc.), non-exhaustive estimate.
Scope: unless otherwise stated, in this section, emissions in "France" correspond to the scope of the Kyoto Protocol: metropolitan France and overseas territories included in the EU (Guadeloupe, French Guiana, Reunion, Martinique, Mayotte and Saint-Martin).
Source: Secten format - Citepa, 2025

In 2024, GHG emissions in France, excluding LULUCF, represented 369.2 Mt CO2 eq, of which 74% were CO2 and 16% methane (CH4). These emissions are 1.8% lower than in 2023, and 32% lower than in 1990.

Transport is the leading emitting sector, with 124.9 Mt CO2 eq in 2024 (34% of emissions excluding LULUCF), followed by agriculture (21%), manufacturing and construction (17%), residential and services (15%), the energy industry (9%) and centralized waste treatment (4%).

France stands out from the EU for its low share of emissions from the energy industry, due to the high proportion of nuclear power in electricity production.

Sectoral breakdown of GHG emissions in France in 2024 (provisional estimate)

Note: 2024 data are a preliminary estimate.
Source: Secten format - Citepa, 2025

Evolution of GHG emissions in France by sector
between 1990 and 2024

Note: 2024 data are a preliminary estimate.
Source: Secten format - Citepa, 2025

In 2024, total emissions, excluding LULUCF, fell by 1.8%. The drop is particularly significant in the energy industry (-10%). The other sectors are declining slightly or stagnating: manufacturing and construction (-1.4%), transport (-1.2%), residential and services buildings (-0.7%), agriculture (-0.5%).

Over the longer term, emissions are 32% lower than in 1990. This is most marked in the energy industry (-58% compared to 1990), manufacturing and construction (-55%) and the residential and services sectors (-39%). Agriculture and centralized waste treatment also saw their emissions fall (-18% and -6% respectively). Conversely, emissions linked to the use of transport stagnated over the same period (+0.2%).