Residential and services GHG emissions

GHG emissions from the residential and services sectors in France

Note: the climatic rigor index is the ratio between an observed climate indicator and a reference climate indicator. The higher the index, the colder the winter. The 2024 emissions data are a preliminary estimate.
Sources: Secten format - Citepa, 2025; SDES, based on Météo-France

Emissions from the residential and services sectors are highly dependent on climatic conditions. In 2024, with a slightly milder climate than in 2023, emissions from this sector fell by just 0.7%.

The residential sector accounts for around two-thirds of the sector's emissions, and the services sector one-third. The heating, domestic hot water production and cooking represent 83% of emissions in 2024.

GHG emissions intensity of the residential and services sectors in France

Note: services emissions are related to the added value of the services branch (excluding transport), while residential emissions are related to the number of inhabitedm2. The 2024 emissions data are a preliminary estimate.
Sources: SDES, Rapport du compte du logement 2025; Insee; Secten format - Citepa, 2025

Between 1990 and 2024, value added in the services sector rose by 80%, while emissions fell by 30%. Similarly, between 1990 and 2023, residential floor space (excluding second homes and vacant dwellings) increased by 58%, while residential emissions fell by 42%.

This drop in emissions intensity is mainly due to the improved energy performance of buildings and the switch to less carbon-intensive energies, mainly for heating (from coal and fuel oil to gas, electricity and heat pumps).